The water pump is a crucial component of a car's cooling system. Its primary function is to circulate coolant throughout the engine, preventing it from overheating. The pump works by drawing coolant from the radiator and pushing it through the engine block, where it absorbs heat. This heated coolant then returns to the radiator, where it is cooled before repeating the cycle. A malfunctioning water pump can lead to engine overheating, which may cause severe damage. Regular maintenance, such as checking for leaks and ensuring the pump is functioning correctly, is essential for the longevity and performance of a vehicle.