The water pump is a crucial component of a vehicle's cooling system. Its primary function is to circulate coolant throughout the engine, ensuring that it operates at the optimal temperature. By pushing coolant from the radiator to the engine and back, the water pump helps prevent overheating, which can cause significant engine damage. Most water pumps are driven by the engine's crankshaft via a belt or chain, and they typically have a lifespan of about 60,000 to 100,000 miles. Regular maintenance, including checking for leaks and ensuring proper belt tension, can help prolong the life of the water pump and maintain engine efficiency.